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Vliv investic do dálniční infrastruktury na socioekonomické ukazatele vybraného regionu
Kučera, Štěpán
Kučera, Š. The impact of state investments in highway infrastructure on socio-economic indicators of a selected region. Master thesis. Brno: Mendel University in Brno, 2023. The thesis focuses on the identification of the impact of state investments in highway infrastructure on selected socio-economic indicators. The variables examined include unemployment rate, number of companies by number of employees, housing construction and total population growth. The thesis focuses on the assessment of the impact of the implementation of the D1 highway section, which connects the capital city of Prague and the regional city of Hradec Králové. Based on theoretical assumptions, the thesis uses a difference-in-differences method, which is combined with a synthetic control method with panel regression techniques. The empirical analysis focuses on assessing the impact of highway construction on the dynamics of selected socio-economic indicators within the region, which includes six municipalities with extended jurisdiction, and data are examined with an annual frequency from 2002 to 2021. The results suggest that the implementation of highway infrastructure as part of state investment does not automatically confer a competitive advantage and economic growth, as would be expected from initial assumptions.
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Population development in countries with the highest population growth rate
Janovský, Jan ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Population development in countries with the highest population growth rate Abstract The bachelor thesis focuses on the population development of the countries with the highest population growth rate in the period 1990-2020. The thesis aims to evaluate the population development of the countries with the highest population growth rate. For the selection of countries, an indicator of the crude rate of natural change of population is used, which excludes the influence of migration on population growth. One of the main goals of the work is, based on research, to find the factors that influence the population growth rate, and then evaluate the influence of these factors on selected countries. For the purpose of this work, the states of Mali and Niger were chosen, which rank among the countries with the highest population growth rate. The analytical part is based on data from the United Nations and the Demographic and Health Surveys. The results of this work confirm the third phase of the demographic transition in Mali and Niger, thus confirming the continuation of the reduction of fertility in these countries. According to the analysis of factors affecting total fertility rate, significant differences in the education and wealth of families were found, which were significantly reflected in the demographic...
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The effect of constant temperature and moisture to house dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae
Gajdová, Tereza ; Hubert, Jan (advisor) ; Žůrek, Luděk (referee)
House dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae inhabit house dust worldwide. These commensals are for humans harmful especially as producers of many allergens. According to Klimov-OConnor's hypothesis, these mites had a parasitic ancestor who had evolved into a free-living form during the evolution. This thesis focuses on another possible aspect of this transition: it compares optimal hygrothermal conditions for development, reproduction, and population growth of Dermatophagoides dust mites with those which are preferred by the house dust mite's related - parasitic genera Sarcoptes and Psoroptes. Since all these three genera are closely related, it was analyzed whether their hygrothermal preferences would be similar in any respect. However, the results of this literature review suggest that dust mites - compared to their parasitic relatives - prefer combinations of lower temperatures and humidity. Like the representatives of the convergent group of storage mites - e. g. Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Acarus siro. Apart from the comparison of the preferred conditions of previously mentioned genera, this thesis also presents a summary of the effect of different combinations of temperatures and humidity on the duration of development, fecundity, and the population growth of...
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The effect of constant temperature and moisture to house dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae
Gajdová, Tereza ; Hubert, Jan (advisor) ; Žůrek, Luděk (referee)
House dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae inhabit house dust worldwide. These commensals are for humans harmful especially as producers of many allergens. According to Klimov-OConnor's hypothesis, these mites had a parasitic ancestor who had evolved into a free-living form during the evolution. This thesis focuses on another possible aspect of this transition: it compares optimal hygrothermal conditions for development, reproduction, and population growth of Dermatophagoides dust mites with those which are preferred by the house dust mite's related - parasitic genera Sarcoptes and Psoroptes. Since all these three genera are closely related, it was analyzed whether their hygrothermal preferences would be similar in any respect. However, the results of this literature review suggest that dust mites - compared to their parasitic relatives - prefer combinations of lower temperatures and humidity. Like the representatives of the convergent group of storage mites - e. g. Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Acarus siro. Apart from the comparison of the preferred conditions of previously mentioned genera, this thesis also presents a summary of the effect of different combinations of temperatures and humidity on the duration of development, fecundity, and the population growth of...
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The theory of population and estimation of the stationary state
Gavrilovets, Natalia
This diploma thesis focuses on the estimating of the time of possible future stationary state of population. Different theories of population are discussed and reviewed. The calorie model of food supply and demand is taken as the basis of the thesis. The research offers the estimated calorie model, the calculations of time of possible future stationary state and possible scenarios of future changes in the model.
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Aplikace matematických znalostí při výuce biologie
STUDENÁ, Lucie
The Theses deals with applications of mathematical knowledge in teaching biology and it is divided into four chapters. Each chapter is dedicated to another application: 1. Application of conditional probability in medical diagnostics, 2. Application of exponential function in population ecology, 3. Application of logic functions in mathematical modelation of neuron and 4. Aplication of binomial theorem and binomial distribution in genetics. Each application contains solved problems, a worksheet for students and a solution for each worksheet. Two application (1. and 2.) have been tested in teaching and as an assessment of my lessons students filled questionnaires. Results of these questionnaires are processed in the end of these chapters. This Thesis can be used in teaching or self-studying.
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Population development and emigration of Maghreb's countries
Vokatá, Petra ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Population development and emigration of Maghreb's countries Abstract The main aim of diploma thesis is to map the migratory situation and trends of all area since 1990 up to the present in context of the population development in region of Maghreb's countries. This all is in connection with the population growth of the states - natural and total. Apart from the analysis of the whole Maghreb as one unit, the demographic parameters are in detail assessed on the example Tunisia. It is estimated that migratory streams of the inhabitants of North Africa's countries are largely directed to Europe. The analasis is focused on the breakdown of the target countries, emigrants and on changes during the reporting period. The analasis uses conventional demographic indicators, its own methods of processing often difficult available data at the same time and empirical investigation. The initial basis of analyzing given issues show the theoretical conception of population development in Arabic countries, with emphasis on demographic transition and dependent migratory transition. Analysis revealed that none of Maghreb's countries has not yet completed demographic transition, the second stage of the demographic transition since 2000 suspended. Keywords: migration, migratory trends, population development, population growth,...
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The Impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Economic Growth – The Case of Selected Arab Countries
Hodrab, Rami Mohammad Awad ; Maitah, Mansoor (advisor) ; Soukup, Alexandr (referee)
Information and communication technology (ICT), population growth, gross capital formation, Openness, labour and inflation are frequently well-thought-out as important drivers of economic growth for all countries, so as for Arab countries in our case. This study aims to examine the effect of these factors on 18 selected Arab countries economic growth, covering the period from 1995 to 2013, with the main interest of the impact of ICT. The results show positive and significant impact of ICT index (infodensity that represents the capital and labour stock of ICT) for each individual country (except for Djibouti with negative ICT index elasticity and UAE with insignificant impact) ranged from 0.10 for Lebanon to 0.469 point for Qatar. The panel regression results show that ICT positively and significantly affect the whole sample of 18 Arab countries economic growth with 0.108 point, as well as GCF ratio with 0.129 impact, in addition to openness which encounters positive and significant impact with 0.054 point, and inflation with negative significant impact. These results are accommodated with many related studies. Population growth is insignificant to economic growth. The 18 Arab countries are divided into three sub groups according to their infodensity levels. The research results show that there is a relatively large gap between first and second groups of high and intermediate infodensity values in one side and the third group (with low infodensity and GDP per capita values) on the other side.
In order to verify further the results of positive and significant impact of ICT on economic growth, a second study model that depends on Cobb-Douglas production function is applied with ICT and non-ICT capital services and labour services. This second model is applied on five Arab countries that covers the period from 1993 to 2014 using ARDL method. The regressed results show a long run equilibrium cointegrated relationship between ICT and non-ICT capital services, in addition to labour services and GDP growth. The results tell a positive and significant elasticity of ICT capital services at short and long run, and this value is more than the ICT capital services compensation share, which indicates ICT spillover in these Arab countries. Labour services impact on GDP growth is positive and significant on long run, but for non-ICT capital services, there is a negative and significant impact. So finally it is worth for the Arab countries to invest more and efficiently in ICT assets, in addition these countries have to efficiently use the available ICT resources.
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Vybrané aspekty rozvojové spolupráce v indické oblasti Ladak
Topinková, Lenka
This thesis deals with development cooperation in the Indian region of Ladakh and its influence on the formation of traditional Ladakhi society. The work is based on literature review, which outlines the basic topics of development cooperation, the formation process of development perception itself and the question of aid effectiveness. Furthermore, for better understanding the context of the practical part theory deals with the characteristics of Ladakhi territory. The practical part consists of three sections. The first follows the book Ancient Futures written by economic analyst Helena Norberg - Hodge and analyze the current problems of Ladakh. The second part is focused on mapping the Czech development cooperation in Ladakh, Czech cooperation is then evaluated as a whole and proposals for improvement are suggested. In the third part the questionnaire survey among students examine differences in the value system of children in primary schools with presence of foreign organizations and schools without foreign presence.
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Barriers of Development in Ethiopia: Structural Conditions and Strategies for Adaptation
Kuzmič, Michal ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Jeníček, Vladimír (referee)
The diploma thesis titled Barriers of Development in Ethiopia: Structural Conditions and Strategies for Adaptation is focused on analysis of environmental risk factors and their impact on economic development of Ethiopia. It further evaluates the effectiveness of concrete adaptation measures on both official policy level and community level. The thesis departs from refined version of Jared Diamond's five point framework for analysis of collapse of complex societies. Contemporary scholarly discourse of rapid population growth, deforestation & land degradation and climate variability is formalized into causal schemes and supported by current statistical data. The thesis concludes that adopted measures have had only limited effect on elimination of the respective risk factors. Thus, Ethiopia remains a long-term recipient of foreign humanitarian assistance, without which it would fall into state of economic collapse. To overcome this situation Ethiopia needs to transform its subsistence agricultural production system.
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